Yeşil Kapasite Kısıtlı Araç Rotalama Problemi: Bir Literatür Taraması

Araç rotalama probleminin (ARP) amacı merkezi bir depodan çeşitli konumlarda yer alan müşterilere benzer veya farklı kapasitelere sahip araçlarla ürünleri dağıtmak için toplam seyahat uzaklık ve sürelerini minimize etmektir. Diğer yandan, işletmeler yakıt tüketimin azaltarak rakiplerine karşı maliyet avantajı elde etmek ve çevreye duyarlı müşteriler açısından olumlu bir imaj oluşturmayı istemektedir. Araç rotalama probleminin yeni bir çeşidi olan “yeşil araç rotalama problemi (YARP)” ise, geleneksel yaklaşımdan farklı olarak yakıt tüketimi ve gaz emisyonu gibi çevresel faktörleri dikkate alan bir rota tasarlamayı amaçlar. Yasal ve sosyal çerçevede artan çevre duyarlılığı araç rotalama probleminde çevreyi etkileyen faktörlerin ele alınmasını sağlamıştır. Böylece, sürdürülebilir dağıtım ağı daha az enerji kullanılarak ve çevreye daha az zarar vererek oluşturulabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı son yıllarda akademik ve endüstriyel çevrelerde popülaritesi giderek artan yeşil kapasite kısıtlı araç rotalama problemi (YKARP) için kapsamlı bir literatür taraması sunmaktır. Literatür taramasının kapsamını, 2007-2016 yılları arasında yabancı dildeki dergilerde yayınlamış 57 adet makale oluşturmaktadır. Bu literatür taramasının akademik çalışmalara sağlayacağı başlıca faydalar (i) YKARP konusuna odaklanan makaleler hakkında detaylı bir analizin sunulması, (ii) yakıt tüketimi ve gaz emisyonunu etkileyen faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi, (iii) YKARP için çözüm yöntemlerinin değerlendirilmesi, (iv) ileride yapılacak çalışmalar için çeşitli önerilerin sunulmasıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yeşil araç rotalama problemi, yakıt tüketimi, gaz emisyonu, kapasite kısıtlı araç rotalama problemi, literatür taraması

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