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Almanya ve Türkiye’deki Türk Girişimci Tipolojisi ve Karşılaştırması

Neredeyse tüm ülke ekonomileri için büyük önem taşıyan girişimcilik konusunda, başlangıç aşamasından itibaren girişimcinin başarıya ulaşabilme olasılığını artırabilecek yöntemler bilimsel olarak araştırılmaktadır. Girişim ve girişimci özelliklerinden hareketle yapılan araştırmalarda temel hedef noktası, yaşanabilecek evrelerin öngörülebilir olmasıdır. Bunun için birçok bilim dalı konuya farklı bakış açıları ile yaklaşmakta, girişim ve girişimcilik konusunda sınıflandırmalar yapılmaktadır. Girişimci tipolojileri, girişimcilerin sınıflandırılabilmesi esasına dayanmaktadır. Bu konuda yapılan çalışmaların birleştiği iki girişimci tipolojisi bulunmaktadır. Bunlar “esnaf girişimci” ve “fırsatçı girişimci” tipolojileridir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’deki girişimciler ile Almanya’daki Türk girişimcilerin girişimci tipolojilerinin belirlenmesi, aralarındaki benzerlik ve farkların ortay konulabilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Türkiye’den 100 ve Almanya’dan 100’er Türk girişimci olmak üzere toplam 200 girişimci ile anket çalışması yapılarak veriler toplanmıştır. Verileri toplamak için İşletme Kuruluş Nedenlerinin Etkisi ve Girişimcilikle İlgili İfadelere Katılma ölçekleri kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda Türkiye’deki girişimcilerin ve Almanya’daki Türk girişimcilerin, farklı parametreler altında “esnaf girişimci” ve “fırsatçı girişimci” özelliklerinden hangisine yakın oldukları tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Girişimcilik, Girişimci Tipolojileri, Esnaf Girişimci, Fırsatçı Girişimci

Typology and Comparison of Turkish Entrepreneurs in Germany and Turkey

Entrepreneurship, which is of great importance to the economies of almost all countries, has been scientifically researched to increase the likelihood of the entrepreneur to succeed. In the researches based on entrepreneurial and entrepreneurial characteristics, the main objective is to predict the stages that can be experienced. For this reason, many scholars are approaching the subject with different perspectives, and classifications are made about enterprise and entrepreneurship. Entrepreneur typologies are based on the classification of entrepreneurs. These are “Craftsmen Entrepreneur” and “Opportunistic Entrepreneur” typologies. In this study, the determination of typology of Turkish entrepreneurs in Turkey and Germany, is aimed to be placed on the out of the similarities and differences between them. For this purpose, 100 from Germany and 100 from Turkey, including the Turkish entrepreneurs made a survey with a total of 200 entrepreneurs, the data were collected. “Impact of Business Establishment Reasons” and “Participation in Entrepreneurial Expressions” scales were used to collect data. The results of the analysis show that Turkish entrepreneurs in Germany and Turkey, under different parameters, were found to be close to from “craftsmen entrepreneur” and “opportunistic entrepreneur” typology.

Keywords:

Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneur Typologies, Craftsmen Entrepreneur, Opportunistic Entrepreneur,

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