Dünyadaki Bölgeler

Bu makale, bölgeselciliğin güvenlik kaygıları ve güç motivasyonlarından doğduğunu ve küresel seviyede bir siyasi kutuplaşmanın özünü içerisinde taşıdığını iddia etmektedir. Makale, küreselleşmenin ekonomik boyutunun, bölgeselciliğin bir aracı olarak kullanıldığını göstererek kendi tezini belirginleştiriyor. Ekonomiyi canlandırmayı, ticareti ve insanların zenginliğini arttırmayı hedefleyen ekonomik bütünleşme, insanoğlunun iktisadi çıkarlarına hizmet ettiğinden daha fazla, onun güvenlik dürtülerine hizmet etmektedir; ekonomik entegrasyon, bölgeselciliğin ve dolayısıyla güvenlik sağlama ve güç elde etmenin bir aracı olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ekonomik bütünleşmelerin bugün en yüksek seviyesini temsil eden Avrupa Birliği, iktisadi bölge-güvenlik bölgesi-güç bölgesi triyosunun çok açık bir modelidir. Çalışmada küreler bölgeleri, küre ise dünyayı sembolize etmektedir

GLOBES in the GLOBE

This article argues that regionalism arises from safety concerns and power motives and it has a core of political polarization at the global level. Thesis of the article clarifies itself by showing how the economic dimension of globalization is used as a tool of regionalism. Economic integration which targets to increase trade volumes, stimulate economy and multiply the prosperity of people serves the man’s safety motives much more than it does the economic interests; it is a tool of regionalism, so it is a tool for providing security and achieving power. European Union as a representative of the highest level in economic integration today is very clear model of this trio: economic region-safety region-power region. So, the globes are regions here and the globe is the world

___

  • Adam Smith, An Inquiry into The Nature and Causes of The Wealth of Nations, 2005, http://www2.hn.psu.edu/faculty/jmanis/adam-smith/wealth-nations.pdf (09.05.2014).
  • Alfred Tovias, “A survey of the theory of economic integration.” Journal of Euro- pean Integration, XV, no. 1, 1991.
  • Andre Sapir, “European Integration at the Crossroads: A Review Essay on the 50th Anniversary of Bela Balassa’s Theory of Economic Integration.” Journal of Economic Literature, 2011, 49:4, 1200–1229.
  • Anthony Giddens, “Modernliğin Küreselleşmesi.” Küresel Dönüşümler. translation Mehmet Celil Çelebi. ed. David Held and Anthony McGrew. Ankara: Phoenix Yayınevi, 2008.
  • Bela Balassa, The Theory of Economic Integration. Homewood, Illinois: Richard D. Irwin, Inc., 1961.
  • Belgin Akçay, “Ekonomik ve Parasal Birlik”, Avrupa Birliği: Tarihçe, Teoriler, Kurumlar ve Politikalar, ed. Belgin Akçay & İlke Göçmen, Ankara, Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2012.
  • Caroline Freund and Emanuel Ornelas, “Regional Trade Agreements”, The World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 5314, 2010.
  • Coşkun Üçok, Siyasal Tarih, 2. Baskı. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Yayınları, 1978.
  • Derek W. Urwin, Regions and Regionalism in Europe, ed. Michael Keating. Chel- tenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2004.
  • Edward D. Mansfield and Helen V. Milner. “The New Wave of Regionalism.” In- ternational Organization. Vol. 53, No. 3 (Summer, 1999), 589-627.
  • European Commission, “The European Union explained: Enlargement”, 2013, http://europa.eu/pol/pdf/flipbook/en/enlargement_en.pdf (11.05.2014).
  • European Union, “The history of the European Union.” http://europa.eu/about- eu/eu-history/index_en.htm (10.05.2014).
  • Florian Ploeckl, “The Zollverein and the Formation of a Customs Union.” Universi- ty of Oxford Discussion Papers in Economic and Social History, 2010, http://www.nuff.ox.ac.uk/economics/history/Paper84/ploeckl84.pdf (11.05.2014).
  • Frans Schrijver, Regionalism after Regionalisation, Amsterdam: Amsterdam Uni- versity Press, 2006.
  • Jacob Viner, The Customs Union Issue. London: Stevens & Sons Limited, 1950.
  • William I. Robinson, 2007, “Theories of Globalization”, http://www.deu.edu.tr/userweb/timucin.yalcinkaya/Theories%20of%20Globali zation.pdf (11.05.2014).
  • Mark Beeson, “Re-thinking Regionalism: Europe and East Asia in Comparative Historical Perspective.” Oceanic Conference on International Studies, Can- berra July 14-16, 2004.
  • Michael Keating, “Is there a regional level of government in Europe?” translation Uttam Bharthare. Regions and Regionalism in Europe. ed. Michael Keating. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2004.
  • Olli Rehn, “The EU – from civilian power to premier league security policy play- er?”, 2008, http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_SPEECH-08-399_en.htm (11.05.2014).
  • Richard Baldwin and Charles Wyplosz, The Economics of European Integration
  • th Edition, London: McGraw-Hill Education, 2012.
  • Richard Baldwin, “21st Century Regionalism: Filling the gap between 21st century trade and 20th century trade rules”, WTO Economic Research and Statistics Division, Staff Working Paper ERSD-2011-08.
  • Richard E. Baldwin, “The Causes of Regionalism.”, 1997, http://time.dufe.edu.cn/jingjiwencong/waiwenziliao1/causes.pdf (27.02.2014).
  • Richard George Lipsey and Kelvin Lancaster, “The General Theory of Second Best.” The Review of Economic Studies, Vol. 24, No. 1. (1956 - 1957).
  • Robert L. Heilbroner, The Worldly Philosophers, Fifth print, New York: Simon and Schuster, 1961.
  • Scott L. Baier, et al., “The New Regionalism: Causes and Consequences.”, 2007, http://www10.iadb.org/intal/intalcdi/integracion_comercio/i_INTAL_I&T_26_ 2007_Baier_Bergstrand_Egger.pdf (23.03.2014).
  • Stefan Füle, Euroepan Commission, “The European Union explained: Enlarge- ment”, 2013, http://europa.eu/pol/pdf/flipbook/en/enlargement_en.pdf (11.05.2014).
  • Walter Kennes, 1997, 27-28. “The European Union and Regionalism in Developing Countries”, European Commission and World Bank Seminar on Regional- ism and Development, Brussels, 2 June 1997.