Avrupa Birliği’nin Açık Toplum İdealine Karşı Direnme Hakkı: 1982 Anayasası’nın İktisadi Hükümleri

İktisatçılar açısından anayasa, bir toplumun iktisadi ve siyasi örgütlenmesini, bu iki örgütlenmenin birbiriyle ilişkisini ve bu iki örgütlenmenin gerektirdiği kaynak tahsis mekanizmalarını düzenleyen ekonomi-politik modeldir. Bu bağlamda, Türkiye’nin kalkınma sorunu ile anayasacılık hareketi arasında bağ aramak yanlış olmaz. Nitekim 1990’lı yılların ortalarından itibaren, Avrupa Birliği müktesebatı çerçevesinde mevcut 1982 Anayasası’nın iktisadi hükümlerinde yapılan değişikliklerin, Türkiye için etkin bir ekonomi-politik model inşa etmekten uzak olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Bu iddia, yaşanan iktisadi krizlerle sabittir. Ne yazık ki, uzun yıllardan bu yana, Avrupa Birliği mevzuatına uyum sağlama çalışmaları, ülkemizde, sadece ve sadece kişi hak ve özgürlükler ile siyasi hak ve özgürlüklerde mesafe alınması gerekliliği üzerine oturtulmuş ve Türk yurttaşlarının iktisadi ve sosyal hak ve özgürlüklerinde mesafe alınması hususu ihmal edilmiştir. İşte bu çalışma ile Türkiye-AB ilişkilerinde, anayasal haklardan olan iktisadi ve sosyal hak ve özgürlükler kategorisinden, iktisadi hak ve özgürlükler konusu ele alınmaktadır. Çalışma üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde, AB’nin açık toplum ideali; ikinci bölümde, AB-Türkiye ilişkilerinde direnme hakkının kullanımı ve üçüncü bölümde, 1982 Anayasası’nın iktisadi hükümleri AB’nin açık toplum ideali bağlamında değerlendirilmektedir. Çalışmanın Türkiye-AB ilişkilerinde, siyasi örgütlenme ve iktisadi örgütlenme arasındaki bağın/uyumun ihmal edilemeyeceğine dikkat çekmesi bakımından önem arz ettiği düşünülmektedir

From the point of view of the economists, a constitution is an economic-political model which arranges the economic and the political organizations of a society and the tie between these two organizations. In this respect, it will not be wrong to search a tie between the development problem and the constitutional movement in Turkey. Nevertheless, for the mid 1990s, it is possible to say that the amendments in the Constitution 1982 in accordance with European Union acquis are distant to build an efficient economic-political model for Turkey. This claim is definite considering the economic crises experienced in Turkey in the past. Unfortunately, for long years, the works done for the conformity of Turkish legal system with European Union legal system are based on the floor of the necessity of progress in the individual rights and freedoms and the issue of progress in the economic and social rights and freedoms of Turkish citizens is neglected. Here, within this paper, the economic rights and freedoms under the economic and social rights and freedoms which is one of the category of constitutional rights is elaborated under the scope of Turkey-EU relationship. The study is formed of three parts. In the first part, the open society ideal of EU, in the second part the use of right of resistance under the relationship between EU and Turkey and in the third part the economic articles of the 1982 Constitution in regard to the open society ideal of EU are evaluated. It is thought that the study has significant considering the fact that the study takes attention the necessity not to neglect the tie/conformity between political and economic organizations in the constitution

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