Envanter Yönetimi ve Uzantıları: Ekonomik Üretim Miktarı Modelleri Üzerine Bir Bilimsel Yazın Araştırması

Ekonomik Üretim Miktarı (EÜM) modellerinde, ne zaman ne kadar (miktar) üretim yapılacağı sorusuna cevap aranmaktadır. EÜM modelleri farklı varsayımlar altında araştırma güncelliğini korumaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ulusal ve uluslararası indeksler taranarak elde edilen bilimsel yazın örnekleri ile envanter yönetimi ve ekonomik üretim miktarı modellerinde yaşanan değişim süreci araştırılmaktadır. Özellikle 2000 yılı ve sonrasında üretim süreçlerinden kaynaklanan stoksuzluk, talebi sonradan karşılama, kusurlu ürünlerin üretimi, kalite kontrol ve kontrol hataları, öğrenme etkisi, finansal etkiler vb. durumlar ve belirsizliklerin modellendiği görülmektedir. Böylece geliştirilen modellerin gerçek üretim ortamlarını daha iyi ifade ettiği düşünülmektedir. Günümüzde ise, EÜM modellerinde yaklaşımların olasılık, bulanık mantık, gri sistem teorisi ve sezgisel yöntemlerle desteklenme yoluna gidildiği bilimsel yazından açıkça görülmektedir. Ayrıca sonuç kısmında endüstri uygulayıcılarına ve araştırmacılara EÜM modelleri üzerinde dinamik, alıcı-satıcı, dış kaynak kullanımı, sipariş iptalleri, acil siparişler, envanter dağıtımı, geri dönüşüm parçalar ile kapalı-döngü tedarik içeren modeller yeni çalışma alanları olarak gösterilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ekonomik Üretim Miktarı Modelleri, Stoksuzluk, Kusurlu Üretim

Inventory Management and Extensions: A Review of Economic Production Quantity Models

Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) models search two important questions which are how much and when have to produce. The research on EPQ models is still important for many industries under different assumptions on EPQ models. In this paper, the scientific literature of the inventory management and its extensions where is mostly liked for EPQ models are mentioned with historical review by using national and international databases with indexes. The shortages, backordering, imperfect items, quality control and errors, learning curves, financial effects, and uncertainties are mostly seen in this research area for modeling on classical EPQ from the literature since 2000. Thus, we think that the real life problems are well defined by these proposed models. Today, the modelling of the stochastic, fuzzy logic, grey system theory and metaheuristics methods are used for large scale EPQ models. However, in the conclusion of this paper, for industrial practitioners and researchers the new research areas are discussed and presented which are dynamic, vendor- buyer, outsourcing, cancellation of orders, emergency orders, inventory routing, recycling process and close-loop supply chains for EPQ models.

Keywords:

Economic Production Quantity Models, Shortages, Imperfect Production,

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