MESLEKİ AYRIŞMA VE KADININ İŞGÜCÜNE KATILIMI: KUZEY KIBRIS ÖRNEĞİ

Özet                 Kuzey Kıbrıs emek piyasası üzerine yapılan çalışmalar, toplumsal cinsiyet temelli mesleki ayrışmayı kadının işgücüne düşük katılımını etkileyen en önemli sebeplerden biri olarak tespit etmiştir. Bu çalışma 11 yıl içerisinde bu tespitten yola çıkarak Kuzey Kıbrıs emek piyasasındaki mesleki ayrışmanın büyüklüğünü, zaman içerisindeki değişimini ve bu değişimin kaynaklarını araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.Ayrışma, Hanehalkı İşgücü Anketi verileri kullanılarak 9 ana mesleki grup için genel, kırsal ve kensel bölgelerde ölçülmüştür. Çalışma bulguları, tüm bölgelerde toplumsal cinsiyete dayalı mesleki ayrışmanın yüksek ve yaygın olduğunu göstermiştir. İndeksin ayrıştırılması artan ayrışmanın temel sebebinin net ayrışmadan, yani bireysel meslekler içindeki kadın erkek oranında meydana gelen değişmeden, kaynaklandığını göstermiştir. Yüksek ve yaygın olan mesleki toplumsal cinsiyet ayrışmasının, emek piyasasının kadın ve erkek meslekleri olarak katmanlaşmasına sebep olduğu, bunun da  kadının meslek grupları arasında hareketinin kısıtlanmasına yol açarak  işgücüne katılımını olumsuz etkilediği sonucuna varılmıştır.

OCCUPATIONAL SEGREGATION AND LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN: CASE OF NORTH CYPRUS

Abstract                 Previous studies on North Cyprus labor market argued that occupational gender segregation is one of the major cause of low female labor force participation. We aim to shed light on this argument by investigating the extent, patterns and the sources of occupational gender segregation in North Cyprus labor market for 11 years (2004-2014). Segregation measured by D-Index for 9 broad occupational categories for total, and across rural and urban regions employing Household Employment Surveys data. Results show that total occupational gender segregation is high and persistent in North Cyprus. Decomposition of the index show that the main reason for the increase in segregation level is net segregation; the increase in the gender composition of individual occupations. We conclude that high and persistent occupational gender segregation leads to the segmentation of labor market as male and female occupations limiting the mobility of women between occupations affecting women’s labor force participation negatively. 

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