Yerel Halkın Turizmin Etkilerini Algılamalarına ve Tutumlarına Yönelik Bir Araştırma

Öz Bu çalışma, iki farklı tarihte yerel halkın turizmin etkilerine ilişkin algılama ve tutumlarını belirlemeye yöneliktir. Ayrıca yerel halkın özellikleriyle turizmin etkisini algılamaları arasında anlamlı farklılık olup olmadığı ve iki dönem arasında algılamalarda ve tutumlarda bir değişim olup olmadığı araştırma kapsamında değerlendirilecektir. 600 kişinin yaşadığı Cumalıkızık kültür destinasyonuna 2001 yılında (80), 2003 yılında (80) kişinin katıldığı anket uygulanmıştır. Yerel halkın turizme ilişkin algılamalarıyla turizmin etkileri arasındaki farklılıkları tespit amacıyla, ekonomik yarar, sosyal maliyet, kültürel gelişim ve çevreye zarar olmak üzere dört etki faktörü belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca tutumların belirlenmesine yönelik olarak bölgeye gelmesi istenen turist tipi ve milliyeti, turizme yatırım fikri, aileden birinin turistik tesislerde çalışmasına onay ve turizm planlarına katılım düşüncesi ile ilgili yöre halkının fikirleri alınmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda algılamalarla ilgili olarak yerel halkın özellikleriyle etki faktörleri arasında 2001 yılında yirmidokuz, 2003 yılında kırkiki anlamlı farklılık belirlenmiştir. Yerel halkın turizme yönelik tutumları her iki dönemde çoğunlukla olumludur. 2003 yılında 2001 yılına göre olumlu tutum seviyesi yükselmiştir.. Her iki dönemde algılamalarda farklılıklar saptanmış; 2003 yılında 2001 yılına göre olumsuz algılamaların azaldığı görülmüştür. Değerlendirme ve öneriler sonuç kısmında verilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Turizmin algılanması, yerel halk ve turizm, Turizmin etkileri

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