ETİYOPYA VE YÜKSELEN GÜÇLER: SOĞUK SAVAŞ SONRASI DÖNEMİ ETHİO-TÜRK İLİŞKİSİ BİR VAKA ÇALIŞMASI

Etiyopya’nın dış politika ve son birkaç on yıllık stratejisi ‘Batı-merkezli’ ve son derece menkulleştirilmiş yaklaşımlar ile karakterize edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda devlet dışı aktörlerin katılımını marjinal bir devlet durumuna ilişki hakim oldu. 1980’lerin sonlarında Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyeti’nin eski Birliği’nin çöküşü ve Soğuk Savaş döneminin ardından son Etiyopya politik ekonomisinde önemli bir dönüşüme yol açtı. 1991 yılında, büyük ölçüde etnik ve bölgesel temelli gerilla grupları güç askeri kaldırıldı ve geç Etiyopya Halkın Devrimci Demokratik Cephesi (EPRDF) kurdu. Öncekilerden farklı olarak, Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemi Etiyopya’nın dış politika ve strateji ortakları çeşitlendirmeye yanı sıra nişan alan için çaba ile karakterize edilmiştir. Yaygın yerel siyasetin demokratikleşmesi sürecini destekleyen ve stratejik ticaret müzakereleri, yardım ve doğrudan yabancı yatırım yoluyla ekonomik kısıtlamalar ele, EPRDF dış politika ve strateji belgesinin gerekçesinde görüldüğü üzere öncelikli alanlar olarak vurgulanır. Ayrıca, Çin, Hindistan, Türkiye, Brezilya, Malezya ve Körfez ülkeleri gibi Batılı olmayan güçler Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde Etiyopya ana dış ilişki ortak oldu. Angajman bu yeni formu, ‘Güney-Güney işbirliği’ çerçeve çalışması kapsamında, koşulluluk dayanmaz iki yönlü veya eşit ortağı ilişkisi ile karakterizedir. Diğer Batılı olmayan güçler, Türkiye’nin sosyo-kültürel ve tarihsel derinliği ile karşılaştırıldığında, özel çaba pratik Etiyopya ekonomik kalkınma ve yoksulluğun azaltılması çabalarına yardımcı olmak için Afrika ve taahhütlerini sorunlu Etiyopya bölgesinde ve Afrika Boyunuzu barış ve istikrarı korumak için onu bir tercih dış politika ortağı yapmaktadır

ETHIOPIA AND THE RISING POWERS: A CASE STUDY ON THE POST-COLD WAR ERA ETHIO-TURKISH RELATION / ETİYOPYA VE YÜKSELEN GÜÇLER: SOĞUK SAVAŞ SONRASI DÖNEMİ ETHİO-TÜRK İLİŞKİSİ BİR VAKA ÇALIŞMASI

Ethiopia’s foreign policy and strategy of the past several decades was characterized by ‘western-centric’ and highly securitized approaches. It was also dominated by a state to state relationship that marginalized the participation of non-state actors. The collapse of the former USSR in the late 1980s and the subsequent end of the Cold War era led to a significant transformation in the political economy of Ethiopia. In 1991 the largely ethnic and regional based guerrilla groups removed the military from power and established the late Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF). Unlike its predecessors, the post-Cold War era Ethiopia’s foreign policy and strategy has been characterized by the effort to diversify its partners as well as area of engagement. As it is widely observed in the rationale of the EPRDF’s foreign policy and strategy document, supporting the democratization process of the local politics and addressing economic constraints through strategic trade negotiations, aid and foreign direct investment are highlighted as priority areas. Furthermore, non-western powers such as China, India, Turkey, Brazil, Malaysia and the oil reach Gulf States became the main external relation partners of Ethiopia in the post-Cold War period. This new form of engagement, under the frame work of the ‘South-South cooperation’, is characterized by a two-way or equal partner relationship that doesn’t rely on conditionality. As compared to the other non-western powers, Turkey’s socio-cultural and historical depth, its special effort to maintain peace and stability in the troubled Ethiopian region and Horn of Africa and its commitments to practically assist the economic development and poverty reduction efforts of Ethiopia make her a preferred foreign policy partner

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