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ÇOK ULUSLU ŞİRKETLERİN TÜRKİYE’DEKİ PAZARA GİRİŞ ŞEKLİ SEÇİMİNİ BELİRLEYEN KURUMSAL UNSURLAR

Yeni bir pazara girme şekline karar verirken çok uluslu şirketleri etkileyen bir çok faktör bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada kurumsal ekonomi bağlamında, çok uluslu şirketlerin pazara giriş şeklini belirleyen faktörler araştırılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada iki farklı kurumsal ekonomi teorisi, Kurumsal Teori ve Yeni Kurumsal Ekonomi değerlendirilmiştir. Türkiye’de gerçekleşen 2293 adet pazara giriş incelenerek kurumsal ekonomi çerçevesinde, yatırım özgürlüğü, fikri mülkiyet haklarının korunması ve yozlaşmanın çok uluslu şirketlerin pazara giriş şekli seçimi üzerinde anlamlı etkisi olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca reel gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla, reel sermaye yatırımı, ve sektörel bilgi yoğunluğunun çok uluslu şirketlerin pazara giriş şekli kararını şekillendiren diğer faktörler olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çok uluslu şirketler, yabancı sermaye yatırımı, kurumsal faktörler, pazara giriş şekli

INSTITUTIONAL DETERMINANTS OF MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS' ENTRY MODE CHOICE IN TURKEY

There are a wide range of factors that affect multinational corporations (MNCs) when they decide how to enter into a new market. In this study, the factors that shape MNCs' entry mode decisions are investigated in institutional economics framework. Two different theories on institutions, namely Institutional Theory and New Institutional Economics, are utilized. Using 2293 entries into Turkey, we found that investment freedom, intellectual property rights protection and corruption have significant effects on the entry mode choice of MNCs in the institutional economics context. Besides, real GDP, real capital investment, and knowledge intensity of the sector are other factors that shape MNCs' entry mode decision.

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