Codium fragile subsp. fragile (Suringar) Hariot ve Cystoseira barbata (Stackhouse) C. Agardh (Çanakkale Boğazı, Türkiye) Taksonlarında Bazı Ağır Metallerin Mevsimsel Değişimi

Bu çalışmada, Çanakkale Boğazı’ndan toplanan C. fragile subsp. fragile (Suringar) Hariot (Chlorophyta) ve C. barbata (Stackhouse) C. Agardh (Ochrophyta) taksonlarındaki ağır metal birikimlerinin istasyonlara ve mevsimlere bağlı değişimleri araştırılmıştır. Altı farklı istasyondan mevsimsel olarak alınan örneklerde bakır (Cu), kurşun (Pb), çinko (Zn) ve kadmiyum (Cd) derişimleri belirlenmiştir. Her iki taksonda en yüksek değer yaz mevsiminde saptanmıştır. C. fragile subsp. fragile taksonunda en yüksek değer, Cu’da, C. barbata taksonunda ise Zn’de bulunmuştur. Her iki taksonda da metal derişimleri Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd şeklindedir. Mevsimsel olarak en yüksek değer yaz, en düşük değer ise sonbahar olarak tespit edilmiştir.

Seasonal Concentrations of Some Heavy Metals in Codium fragile subsp. fragile (Suringar) Hariot and Cystoseira barbata (Stackhouse) C. Agardh (Çanakkale strait, Turkey).

Abstract In this study, the heavy metal accumulations depending on stations and the seasonal changes in C. fragile subsp. fragile (Chlorophyta) and C. barbata (Ochrophyta) collected in the Dardanelles were investigated. Copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) concentrations in the samples taken from six different stations as seasonal were determined. In summer, the highest value was determined in both taxa. The highest value was found for Cu in C. fragile subsp. fragile taxon and for Zn in C. barbata taxon. In both taxa, heavy metal concentration as follows: Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd. It was found the highest value in the summer and the lowest value in the autumn season

___

  • Agadi, V.V., Bhosle, N.B., Untawale A.G. 1978. Metal concentration in some seaweeds of Goa (India). Botanica Marina. 21: 247–250.
  • Al-Masri, M.S., Mamish, S., Budier, Y. 2003. Radionuclides and trace metals in Eastern Mediterranean Sea Algae. Journal of Environmental Radıoactiv. 63: 157–168.
  • Balcı, A., Turkoglu, M. 1993. Heavy metals in sediment from Izmir Bay. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 26: 106–109.
  • Balkıs, N., Topcuoğlu, S., Güven, K.C., Öztürk, B., Topaloğlu, B., Kırbaşoğlu, Ç., Aksu, A. 2007.
  • Heavy metals in shallow sediments from the Black Sea Marmara Sea and Aegean Sea Region of Turkey. J.Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment. 13:147-153.
  • Batkı, H., Kücüksezgin, F., Uslu, O. 1999. Trace metal distribution in different chemical fractions of marine sediments along the Eastern Aegean Shelf. Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry 70: 243-258.
  • Bednarz, T., Workowska, D.H. 1985. Toxicity of zinc, cadmium, lead, copper and their mixture for Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Acta Hydrobiol., 25-26: 389-400.
  • Boran, M., Altınok, I. 2010. A review of heavy metals in water, sediment and living organisms in the Black Sea. Tukish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 10:565-572.
  • Buccolieri, A., Buccolieri, G., Cardellicchio, N., Dellattı, A., Dileo, A., Maci, A. 2006. Heavy metals in marine sediments of Taranto Gulf (Ionian Sea, Italy). Marine Chemistry. 99: 227– 235.
  • Büyükışık, B., Erbil, Ö. 1987. İzmir iç körfez’de nutrient dinamikleri üzerine araştırmalar. Doğa, Müh. ve Çev. D.C., 11: 379-395.
  • Caliceti, M., Argese, E., Sfriso, A., Pavoni, B. 2002. Heavy metal contamination in the seaweeds of the Venice Logoon. Chemosphere. 47: 443–454.
  • Conti, M.E., Cecchetti, G. 2003. Biomonitoring study: Trace metals in algae and molluscs from Tyrrhenian Coastal Areas. Environmental Research. 93: 99–11
  • Clark, R.B., Frid, C., Attrill, M. 1997. Marine pollution. Fourth Edition Oxford University Press, Oxford. 61-79.
  • Çetingül, V., Aysel, V., Kurumlu-Kuran, Y. 2000. Biochemical ınvestigation and heavy metal contents of Cladophora dalmatica Kütz. and Ceramium ciliatum (Ellis) Ducl. var. robustum (J.Ag.) from Aegean Sea (Turkish Coast). Turkish J. Marine Sciences. 6: 9–22.
  • Dave, M.J., Parekh, R.G. 1978. Amino acids of green alga Ulva. Bot. Mar., 21: 323-326.
  • Delvalls, T.A., Forja, J.M., Para, A.G. 2002. Seasonality of contamination, toxicity and quality values in sediments from littoral ecosystem in the Gulf of Cadiz (SW Spain). Chemosphere 46: 1033-1043.
  • Denton, G.R.W., buradan, J.C. 1986. Trace metals in algae from The Great Barrier Reef. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 17: 98-107.
  • Doğan, M., Soylak, M. 2000. Su kimyası. Erciyes Üniversitesi Yayınları. Kayseri. Drude, L.L., Teixeira, V.L., Guimoraes, J.R. 1975. Seasonal variation of heavy metals in seaweeds from Conceieso de Jacarei Brasil. Bot. Mar., 28: 339-343. El-Tawil, B.A.H., Baghlaf, A.O. 1983. Trace metals in some marine species. Pharmazie. 38: 200- 201. EPA Method 200.7, May 1994. Determination of metals and trace elements ın water and wastes by ınductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, Revision 4.4, EMMC Version, Methods for the Determination of Metals in Environmental Samples-Supplement I, EPA/600/R-94-111.
  • Erakın, S. 2005. Deniz Alglerinde petrol kirliliği. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul Favero, N., Cattalini, F., Bertaggia, D., Albergoni, V. 1996. Metal accumulation in a biological indicator (Ulva rigida) from lagoon of Venice (Italy). Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 31: 9–18.
  • Figueira, MM., Volesky, B., Mathieu, H.J. 1999. Instrumental analysis study of iron species biosorption by Sargassum biomass. Environ. Sci. Technol., 33:1840–1846.
  • Fowler, S.W., Knauer, G.A. 1986. Concentrations of Hg, Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn in deep sea benthic fauna: A case study on Southeastern area. Environmental Monitoring and Assesment. 7: 59–78.
  • Fytianos, K., Evgenidou, G., Zachariadis, G. 1999. Use of macroalgae as biological ındicators of heavy metal pollution in Termaikos Gulf. Greece. Bulletin Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 62: 630–637.
  • Garnharm, G.W., Codd, G.A., Gadd, G.M. 1992. Kinetics of uptake intracellular locations of cobalt, manganese and zinc in the estuarine green alga Chlorella salina. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 37: 270–276.
  • Gündüz, T. 1999. Çevre kimyası. Gazi Buro, Ankara. 156.
  • Güven, K.C., Topcuoğlu, S., Kut, D., Esen, N., Erentürk, N., Saygı, N., Cevher E., Güvener, B., 1992. Metal uptake by Black Sea Algae. Botanica Marina. 35–44: 337–340.
  • Güven, K.C., Saygı, N., Öztürk, B., Topcuoğlu, S. 1998–2002. Heavy metal monitoring of marine algae from the Turkish Coast of the Black Sea. Botanica Marina. 36: 175–178.
  • Haritonidis, S., Malea, P. 1999. Bioaccumulation of metals by the green alga Ulva rigida from Thermaikos Gulf. Greece. Environmental Pollution. 104: 365–372.
  • Kennish, M. J. 1998. Pollution ımpacts on marine biotic communities. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 310 p.
  • Kerfood, W.B. Jacobs, S.A., 1974. Cadmium accural in a combined waste water treatmentaquaculture system. Proc. Annu. NFS. Trace Contam. Conf, 1st, 225-244.
  • Kim, Y.H., Lee, J.H., Rho, C.S., 1980. On the marine algae in onsan area east coast of Korea. The Content of Heavy Metals. Sikmul Haktroe Chi, 23: 55–60.
  • Krupina, M.V., 1981. Use of Cystoseira and Ulva macrophytes for monitoring marine pollution by heavy metals. Deposited. Doc. viniti, 81: 33–34
  • Kut, D., Topçuoğlu, S., Esen, N., Küçükcezzar, R., Güven, K.C. 2000. Trace metals in marine algae and sediment samples from the Bosphorus. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 118: 27-33.
  • Kuyucak, N., Valesky, B. 1986. Recovery of gold by a new biosorbent. Precious Met. Proc. Int. Conf, 10th, 211–216.
  • Laib, E., Leghouchi, E. 2012. Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations in Ulva lactuca, Codium fragile, Jania rubens and Dictyota dichotoma from Rabta Bay, Jijel (Algeria). Environ. Monit. Assess. 184:1711-1718.
  • Lobban, C.S., Harrison, P.J. 1997. Saeweed ecology and physiology. Cambridge University Press, USA. 366p.
  • Lozano, G., Hardisson, A., Gutierez, A.J., Lafuente, M.A. 2003. Lead and cadmium levels in coastal bentic algae (Seaweeds) of Tenerife, Canary Island. Environment International. 28: 627–631.
  • Luo, X., Zhan, G., Ma, Y., Deng Chunlan, C., Chang, X., 1983. Determination of trace amounts of Be, Co, Ni in waste water by spectrometry atter preconcentration by sulfhydryl cotton. Lanahzhau Daxue, Ziran Kexueban, 19: 101–106.
  • Lykova, E.E. 1983. Concentration of heavy metals in far eastern green algae. Deposited Doc. viniti, 84: 62–65.
  • Mohamed, L.A., Khaled, A. 2005. Comparative study of heavy metal distribution in some coastal seaweeds of Alexandria, Egypt. Chemistry and Ecology. 21, 181–189.
  • Munda, I.M., Grubensek, F., 1976. The amino acid compositon of some common marine algae from Iceland. Bot. Mar., 21: 85-92.
  • Munda, I.M., 1978. Trace metal concentration in some ıcelandic seaweeds. Bot. Mar., 21: 261-263.
  • Noda, H., Hariquchi, Y. 1971. Significance of zinc as a nutrient for the red alga Porphyra tenera. Proc. Int. Seaweeds Symp, 7th., 368-372.
  • Nuhoğlu, Y, Malkoc, E., Gürses, A., Canpolat, N. 2002. Removal of Cu (II) From Aqueous solution by Ulothrix zonata. Bioresource Technolgy 85: 331–333.
  • Olgunoğlu, M. P., Polat, S. 2007. İskenderun Körfezi’nde dağılım gösteren iki makroalg türünde [Cystoseira corniculata (Phaeophyta), Laurencia papillosa (Rhodophyta)] ağır metallerin mevsimsel değişimi. Ege Üniversitesi Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 24: 25–30.
  • Özden, S. 2006. Çanakkale Boğazı’nda yaşayan bazı alg türlerinde ağır metal düzeylerinin birikimlerinin araştırılması. 59. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı Bildiri Özetleri. Ankara 332- 333.
  • Pempkowiak, J., Sikora, A., Biernacka, E., 1999. Speciation of heavy metals in marine sediments vs their bioaccumulation by mussels. Chemosphere. 39: 313–321.
  • Quatrano, R.S., Griffing, L.R., Huber-Walckli, V., Scott, D.R. 1985. Cytological and biochemical requirements for the establishment of a polar cell. J Cell Sci. Suppl., 2: 129–141.
  • Saenko, G.N. 1981. Biological concertiation of seawater trace nutrient. Microelem. SSSR, 22: 49- 53.
  • Sanchez-Rodriguez, I., Huerta-Diaz, A., Choumiline, E., Holguinquinones, O., Zertuche-Gonzales, J.A. 2001. Elemental concentrations in different species of seaweeds from Loreto Bay, Baja California Sur, Mexico; Implications for the Geochemical Control of Metalsin Algal Tissue. Environmental Pollution. 114: 145–160.
  • Schintu, M., Marras, B., Durante, L., Meloni, P., Contu, A. 2010. Macroalgae and DGT as ındicators of available trace metals in marin costal waters near a lead-zinc smelter. Environ. Monit. Assess. 167:653-661.
  • Sivalingam, P.M. 1978. Biodeposited trace metals and mineral, content studies of some tropical marine algae. Bot. Mar., 21: 323-326.
  • Skowronski, T., Czernas, K. 1985. Growth of Stichococcus bacillaris on media containing Cd or Zn. Acta Hydrobiol., 25-26: 401-408.
  • Sperling, K.R. 1976. Determination of heavy metals in seawater and in marine organisms by flameless stomic absorption spectrophotometry. III.An improved Gas Stop Z. Anal Chem., 279: 205.
  • Sperling, K.R. 1977. Heavy metals determination in seawater and in marine organisms with the aid of flameless AAS. Lebensm, Z. Unters-Forsch., 163: 87-91.
  • Sperling, K.R. 1984. Determination of Cd traces in environmental samples (1). Fortschritte in der Atomspektrometrischen Spurenanalytik, Heravsgegeben von Bernhard Wela, Band 1. Verlag Chem., 385-401.
  • Sperling, K.K. 1986. Protection of The North Sea balance and prospects. Marine Pollut. Bull., 17: 241-246.
  • Storelli, M.M., Storelli, A., Marcotrigiano, G.O. 2001. heavy metals in the aquatic environment of the Southern Adriatic Sea, Italy Macroalgae, Sediments and Bentic Species. Environment International. 26: 505–509.
  • Sukatar, A., İlkme, B. 1984. İzmir Körfezi Konak-Karşıyaka kıyı şeridindeki bazı alglerde bulunan iz elementlerin zamana bağımlı periyodik değişimlerinin saptanması. Ege Denizi ve Civarı Kıyılarının Korunması Sempozyumu. 28- 29.
  • Süren, E., Yılmaz, S., Türkoğlu M., Kaya, S. 2007. Concentrations of cadmium and lead heavy metals in dardanelles seawater. Environ. Monit. Assess., 125: 91-98.
  • Swadis, T., Brown, M.T., Zachariadis, G., Sratis, I. 2001. Trace metal concentrations in marine macroalgae from different biotopes in the Aegean Sea. Environment International. 27:43-47.
  • Terzieva, S., Danon, S., Decheva, R., Toncheva, P.T. 1985. Effects of some heavy metals (copper, lead, zinc, cadmium) on bacteria, protozoa and algae. Khidrobiologiya. 25:30-41.
  • Topçuoğlu, S., Güven, K.C., Kırbaşoğlu, Ç., Güngör, N., Ünlü, S., Yılmaz, Z. 2001. Heavy metals in marine algae from Şile in the Black Sea. Bulletion Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 67: 288–294.
  • Topçuoğlu, S Kırbaşoğlu, Ç., Güngör, N. 2002. Heavy Metals in organisms and sediments from Turkish Coast of the Black Sea 1997–1998. Environment International 27: 521–526.
  • Topçuoğlu, S., Kırbaşoğlu, Ç., Yılmaz, Y.Z. 2004. Heavy metal levels in biota and sediments in the Northern Coast of the Marmara Sea. Environmental Monitoring and Assesment 96: 183- 189.
  • Topcuoğlu, S., Kılıç, Ö., Belivermiş, M., Ergül, H.A., Kalaycı, G. 2010. Use of marine algae as biological ındicator, of heavy metal pollution in Turkish marine environment. J.Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment. 16:43-52.
  • Tuzen, M., Verep, B., Ogretmen, A.O., Soylak, M. 2009. Trace element content in marine algae species from the Bkack Sea, Turkey. Environ. Monit. Assess. 152:363-368.
  • Türkoğlu, O., Külcü, N. 1992. Bizmut trioksit-Antimon trioksit ikili sisteminde katı hal reaksiyonları. VIII Kimya ve Kimya Mühendisliği Sempozyumu, İstanbul. 1: 59–63.
  • Türkoğlu, M., Parlak, H. 1999. Accumilation and distribution of total chromium in seawater, sediment and some organisms and its behavior processes in Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea). E.U. Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences. 16:47-58.
  • Üstünada, M. 2009. Çanakkale Boğazı’nda (Çanakkale, Türkiye) yayılış gösteren bazı alglerde ağır metal kirliliğinin araştırılması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Çanakkale.
  • Van. Loon, J.C., Balileki, M.R., Nimjeee, M.C., Brezezkinska, A., Douglas, D. 1983. Determination of metals compounds in air and marine samples by ICP-AES, ICP-MS and GC-AAS. Heavy Met. Environ. Int. Gnf. 4th, 1: 78–81.
  • Veroy, R.L., Montano, N., Guzman, L.B., Laserna, E.C., Cajipe, G.J.B. 1980. Studies on the binding of heavy metals to algar polysaccharides from philippine seaweeds. Botanica Marina. 23: 59–62.
  • Villares, R., Puente, X., Carballeria, A. 2001. Ulva and Enteromorpha as ındicators of heavy metal pollution. Hydrobiologia, 462: 221–232.
  • Whyte, J.N.C., Englar, J.R. 1980. Seasonal variation in the inorganic constituents of the marine alga Nereocystis luetkeana Part II Non-Metallic Elements. Bot. Mar., 23: 19-24.